Butt piping according to process requirements and material availability

Pipe sizes are not uniform, but need to be connected to the pipe according to process requirements and material availability. This is the importance of special fittings called reducers.

Reducing pipes are the widely used in the pipeline industry to reduce the straight section of enlarged pipes. There are basically two styles of reducer: concentric reducer and eccentric.

Concentric reducer:

In the reducer, the area reduction is concentric, and the centerline of the pipe at the larger and smaller ends remains unchanged. These styles are usually used for vertical lines.

Eccentric tube:

In such pipes, there is an offset between the centerline of the larger end and the centerline of the smaller end. This offset or eccentricity will remain flat on the top or bottom.

This offset or eccentricity can be easily found by the formula: eccentricity = (larger end value-smaller end value) / 2

When using this type of reducer, the user can choose to orient the flat surface. Usually for the horizontal line, the flat side of the eccentric reducer faces upward or downward, and there is also a deviation in the isometric distance measurement.

The eccentric pipe with the plane facing up is used for the suction pipe of all pumps on the horizontal pipe (excluding the pump for handling mud). In this way, air can be prevented from being trapped in the pipeline when it is initially discharged through the pump casing, which helps avoid cavitation.

According to the connection of this fitting to the end of the straight pipe, the reducer is grouped as follows:

Butt-welding pressure reducing valve: The applicable pressure level, size and material standard of butt-welding pressure reducing valve are the same as those of butt-welding elbow.

Socket Welding Reducer: This type of reducer can only be used in the concentric type, or in the form of a coupling with one end sleeve to fit a larger diameter pipe, while the other end sleeve is suitable to fit Smaller diameter pipes. The standards are the same as those applicable to socket welding elbows.

Threaded pipe fittings: Only applicable to concentric types and in the form of a coupling, one end is suitable for larger pipes and the other end is suitable for smaller pipes.

Flange fittings: The pressure ratings, uses, materials and dimensions are the same as those for pressure reducers for flange elbows. Regardless of the size reduction, their face-to-face size is determined by the larger pipe size.

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